An Ancient Roman physician would be most likely to diagnosis a patient with a melancholy (depressed) personality as:
A) having experienced some psychological trauma as a child.
B) an imbalance in the bodily fluids known as humors.
C) caused by physical trauma to the head.
D) having inherited the trait from his or her parents.
Answer: B
Rationale: Ancient medicine was guided by the theory of humorism. According to this theory, the body consisted of four humors—including blood, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile. Physical illness and disorders of personality were attributed to imbalances among the four humors.
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