A patient has a history of chronic constipation. Which of the following medications prescribed for the patient would alert the nurse to be especially vigilant in observing for constipation and teach the client about preventive measures? Select all
that apply.
a. NSAIDs
b. Iron
c. Antibiotics
d. Pain medications
B, D
Many medications may affect peristalsis and all oral medicines have the potential to affect the function of the GI tract. Iron has an astringent effect on the bowel and is notorious for causing constipation. Pain medications, particularly opioids (narcotics), slow peristalsis and are associated with a high incidence of constipation. Antibiotics, given to combat infection, decrease the normal flora in the colon. The result is often diarrhea. Aspirin and NSAIDs irritate the stomach. Repeated use of these medicines usually leads to ulceration of the stomach or duodenum. However, antibiotics and NSAIDs are not usually associated with constipation.
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