Which statements would the nurse make when discussing age-related changes in the hematologic system? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected. Select all that apply
1. "When you are past middle age, your hemoglobin levels will be slightly lower than when you were younger.".
2. "You have less red marrow than when you were younger, but will still have this important component even into old age.".
3. "As you continue to age, we will see big differences in your blood cell counts on lab tests.".
4. "You may not respond to immunizations as well because of changes in your cells related to the immune response.".
5. "It may take your body longer to return to the normal amount of blood cells if you are injured or get sick.".
1,2,4,5
Rationale 1: Hemoglobin levels tend to decrease after middle age. This decrease is greater in men that in women.
Rationale 2: It is thought that the amount of red marrow decreases with aging, but that the marrow is not completely depleted even in very old adults.
Rationale 3: Laboratory parameters as they relate to the hematologic system of aging patients are usually not much different from those of a younger patient.
Rationale 4: It has been suggested that there may be some T-cell function loss and that this may account for a poor response to immunizations.
Rationale 5: The number of functioning stem cells decreases with aging, which reduces the body's ability to respond to the need for blood cells in the advent of injury or disease.
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