Match the scientist(s) with the statement on the right.
A) was able to solubilize and create lipid bilayers
B) demonstrated transmembrane proteins
C) was able to solubilize and create lipid monolayers
D) described the chemical nature of the cell membrane
E) demonstrated that membranes were a bilayer
F) proposed the "lipid protein sandwich" model of the cell membrane
G) proposed the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane
H) used electron microscopy for the basis of the proposed "unit membrane" model
1) Davson and Danielli
2) Gorter and Grendel
3) J. David Robertson
4) Irving Langmuir
5) Unwin and Henderson
6) Charles Overton
7) Singer and Nicolson
1. F) proposed the "lipid protein sandwich" model of the cell membrane
2. E) demonstrated that membranes were a bilayer
3. H) used electron microscopy for the basis of the proposed "unit membrane" model
4. C) was able to solubilize and create lipid monolayers
5. B) demonstrated transmembrane proteins
6. D) described the chemical nature of the cell membrane
7. G) proposed the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane
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Poliovirus is an RNA virus of the picornavirus group, which uses its RNA as mRNA. At its end, the RNA genome has a viral protein (VPg) instead of a cap
This is followed by a nontranslated leader sequence, and then a single long protein-coding region (~7000 nucleotides), followed by a poly-A tail. Observations were made that used radioactive amino acid analogues. Short period use of the radioactive amino acids result in labeling of only very long proteins, while longer periods of labeling result in several different short polypeptides. What conclusion is most consistent with the results of the radioactive labeling experiment? A) Host cell ribosomes only translate the viral code into short polypeptides. B) The RNA is only translated into a single long polypeptide, which is then cleaved into shorter ones. C) The RNA is translated into short polypeptides, which are subsequently assembled into large ones. D) The large radioactive polypeptides are coded by the host, whereas the short ones are coded for by the virus.
Which of the following statements is correct?
A. All fungi, whether parasite or saprobe, are heterotrophs. B. All saprobes are heterotrophic, but only some are parasitic. C. All heterotrophs are parasites, but only some are saprobes. D. All heterotrophs are fungi, and include both parasites and saprobes.
One reason that atrazine, an herbicide in use for more than 40 years, is an environmental problem is that it ____
a. raises the level of air pollution b. poses a substantial contribution to greenhouse gases c. disrupts the stratospheric ozone level d. is responsible for the extinction of bee colonies e. is an endocrine disrupter and can reduce reproductive capacity in aquatic animals
How does hemoglobin help to maintain the pressure gradient?
a. by duplicating oxygen b. by carrying oxygen away from the lungs c. by feeding oxygen into the lungs d. by mixing oxygen with carbon dioxide e. by binding with nitrogen