The theory that includes maintenance and motivation factors is:
a. Maslow's hierarchy of needs. c. McGregor's theory X and theory Y.
b. Herzberg's two-factor theory. d. Ouchi's theory Z.
B
The two-factor theory of motivation includes motivation and maintenance factors. Maslow's hierarchy
of needs includes the following needs: physiological, safety, security, belonging, and
self-actualization. In theory X, employees prefer security, direction, and minimal responsibility. In
theory Y, employees enjoy their work, show self-control and discipline, are able to contribute
creatively, and are motivated by ties to the group, organization, and the work itself. The focus of
theory Z is collective decision making and long-term employment that involves slower promotions and
less direct supervision.
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