A nurse is teaching a class of nursing students about the anterior and posterior fontanels. What information should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)
A.
Anterior fontanels are usually larger than the posterior fontanels.
B.
Bulging, tense fontanels can indicate increased intracranial pressure.
C.
Fontanel presence allows for cranial molding during the birthing process.
D.
Normal measurements for the anterior fontanel range from 0.4-2.8 in (1-7 cm).
E.
The posterior fontanel needs to remain open for the baby's first year of life.
ANS: B, C, D
Infants have an anterior fontanel and a posterior fontanel. The anterior fontanel ranges in size from 0.4-2.8 in and is larger than the posterior fontanel, which is about 0.4 in (1 cm). Fontanels should feel full without bulging; bulging fontanels with a large head size can indicate increased intracranial pressure, often from hydrocephalus. The anterior fontanel needs to stay open for the first year of life to accommodate skull bone expansion.
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