Compare and contrast historical and current perspectives of autism spectrum disorder. What has led to changes in these perspectives over the years?
What will be an ideal response?
• Various names – autistic disorder, Asperger syndrome, high-functioning autism, atypical autism, and/or pervasive developmental disorder
• On-going research has led to new constructs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
• Early theorists – Leo Kanner and Hans Asperger; early infantile autism; lack of social awareness
o Asperger – better language skills and more social interactions
o Three areas of deviance included social isolation, impaired language and communication, and stereotypical behaviors
• New research as reflected in DSM-5 do not identify Asperger as a separate disorder
• Nature, identification, and classification are ongoing discussions
• Changes due to research, advances in understanding of brain development, new tests, etc., as well as different societal views
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To state our hypotheses for a study with three or more groups, we will need to consider all the groups in stating both the ______ and ______hypotheses.
A. accepted; alternative B. null; alternative C. null; rejected D. null; accepted
Some behaviors, such as cursing and wearing revealing clothing are acceptable in some social contexts, but are considered unacceptable in other situations, such as in a business office. Which of the following explains why this is the case?
A) Social norms only apply to social contexts with written guidelines for behavior, for example, the workplace. B) Many social norms are specific to a social context. C) Social norms vary from person to person and are not related to the social context. D) Social norms only exist for major societal issues, such as theft and murder; there are no social norms for trivial behaviors such as cursing or appropriate dress.
The nucleus of the typical human cell contains how many chromosomes?
A) 46 pairs
B) 23 pairs
C) 48 pairs
D) 22 pairs
According to Baddeley's model of short-term memory, the ________ is a temporary store for information that will become long-term memories of specific events.
A. central executive B. episodic buffer C. phonological loop D. visuospatial sketch pad