Summarize and give examples of the relationship between heritability and correlation coefficients and explain how each is calculated
What will be an ideal response?
Heritability is calculated by using relatives because we know the fraction of genes shared by related individuals. These relationships are expressed as a correlation coefficient or the fraction of genes shared by two relatives. A child receives half of his or her genes from each parent. The half set of genes received by a child from its parent corresponds to a correlation coefficient of 0.5 . The genetic relatedness of identical twins is 100%, and the correlation coefficient therefore is 1.0 . Unless a mother and a father are related by descent, they should be genetically unrelated, and the correlation coefficient is 0.0 . Using the genetic relatedness among population members expressed as a correlation coefficient and using the measured phenotypic variation expressed in quantitative units, a heritability value can be calculated for a specific phenotype in a population. If the heritability value for a trait is 0.72, this means that 72% of the phenotypic variability seen in the population is caused by genetic differences in the population.
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A. $50. B. $100. C. $1000. D. $10,000. E. $100,000.
Multicellular animals belong to the kingdom
a. Plantae. b. Animalia. c. Prokaryotae. d. Fungi.
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A. interphase I. B. metaphase II. C. prophase I. D. metaphase I. E. prophase II.
The effects of hyposecretion and hypersecretion of adrenal cortex hormones result in
A. exactly opposite symptoms: too much versus too little melanin, thin versus heavy, etc. B. various mild symptoms that are not life threatening. C. exactly the same symptoms due to failure to have correct hormone levels. D. masculinization of women and feminization of men. E. opposite effects on kidney functions and therefore blood pressure, but varying effects on other target tissues.