The nicking of DNA that initiates recombination during mitosis may be due to all of the following EXCEPT

A) instructions from the normal cell cycle program.
B) X-rays.
C) chemical damage.
D) physical damage.
E) radiation.


A) instructions from the normal cell cycle program.

Biology & Microbiology

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The oxygen content of water increases linearly with an increase in oxygen partial pressure, while the oxygen content of blood increases in a sigmoidal (S-shaped) fashion. Why?

A) Carbonic anhydrase contributes to carbon dioxide release in blood, but not water. B) The Bohr shift is stronger in water than in blood. C) Hemoglobin shows cooperative oxygen binding. D) Oxygen is transported equally by hemoglobin and blood plasma.

Biology & Microbiology

The biggest limitation of traditional light microscopy and electron microscopy methods is that they are unable to reveal

A) absolute cell concentration. B) cellular components of small microbes because of the limits of magnification. C) genetic and functional diversity of microorganisms in the habitat under study. D) physical microbial interactions as found in nature.

Biology & Microbiology

The convergent evolution of lactose tolerance in Europe and Africa is evidence that ____ evolution can drive evolution

Fill in the blank with the appropriate word.

Biology & Microbiology

What is the most likely cause of a sampling error?

a. a malfunctioning calculator b. a poorly designed hypothesis c. very few individuals in the control group d. having both an experimental and a control group e. the researcher’s knowledge of which individuals were in the experimental group

Biology & Microbiology