In the client with hypoventilation, which change in arterial blood gases does the nurse evaluate to determine whether treatment measures are being effective?
a. Decreased arterial blood pH
b. Decreased arterial blood carbon dioxide
c. Increased arterial blood bicarbonate
d. Increased arterial blood oxygen
C
Because kidneys regulate pH by controlling bicarbonate concentration and the lungs regulate pH by controlling carbon dioxide loss, loss of one function can be at least partially compensated for by the other function. When pulmonary function is decreased, so that adequate amounts of carbon dioxide are not excreted, the pH falls, stimulating the kidneys to reabsorb more bicarbonate to balance the increased acid production.
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A 4-year-old girl has been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia. Her parents are extremely distraught over her condition and the fact she has not wanted to eat anything for the past 2 days
Which nursing approach would be most important to take to help alleviate the high anxiety level of these parents? A) Allow the parents to remain with the child as much as possible. B) Encourage the parents to return home and get some rest. C) Tell the parents that their child is receiving the best care possible. D) Avoid telling the parents unnecessary facts regarding her prognosis.
An operational definition of a variable or concept ensures that the variable or concept will be
a. given theoretical meaning. b. linked to other variables or concepts. c. measured or manipulated. d. understood in context of a theoretical framework.
The nurse recognizes that which laboratory findings are consistent with acute coronary syndrome (ACS)? Select all that apply.
A. Troponin 3.2 ng/mL B. Myoglobin of 234 mcg/L C. C-reactive protein 13 mg/dL D. Triglycerides 400 mg/dL E. Lipoprotein-a (Lp[a]) 18 mg/dL
Which of the following opioids is used as an active agent in antidiarrheal medications?
A. Codeine B. Loperamide C. Alfentanil D. Fentanyl