A cognitive flaw used to explain away bad decisions and maintain our confidence is ______
a. hindsight bias c. counterfactual thinking
b. the confirmation bias d. the representative heuristic
A
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In a police lineup, a witness sometimes picks the best available suspect, who may not be guilty. Why does that risk arise?
a. Because a suspect lineup tests implicit memory b. Because a suspect lineup tests semantic memory c. Because a suspect lineup is a savings test d. Because a suspect lineup is a multiple-choice test
Consider stressors, coping styles, and social support. Which pair is mismatched?
A. emotional support, controllable event B. instrumental support, problem-focused coping C. instrumental support, controllable event D. emotion-focused coping, uncontrollable event
Secondary drives are ____.?
a. ?those less vital than primary drives b. ?learned drives c. ?those not included in the categories of food, liquid, or warmth d. ?those not associated with food, water, or warmth e. ?those that occur in uncontrolled (nonexperimental) situations such as "real life"
In a longitudinal study of the effects of prenatal exposure to alcohol, what was one of the findings?
a. By 4 years old, the negative effects of exposure to alcohol were no longer observed. b. Children who had been exposed to alcohol prenatally were delayed in motor development. c. A positive family environment could not compensate for the negative effects of alcohol exposure. d. There were no enduring effects of alcohol for women who consumed 1 to 2 ounces per day.