What should the nurse include when explaining endometriosis as a cause for a female patient's infertility?
A) "You do not ovulate because of endometrial implants on the ovaries.".
B) "Your uterine cervix fails to close because it is engorged with tissue.".
C) "Menstrual sloughing does not occur, so there is never a new base for embryo growth.".
D) "Ovulation does take place misplaced endometrial tissue interferes with transport of the ovum.".
D
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Endometriosis refers to the implantation of uterine endometrium, or nodules, that have spread from the interior of the uterus to locations outside the uterus. If viable particles of endometrium enter a tube, they can cause tubal obstruction; growths on the ovaries can displace fallopian tubes away from the ovaries, preventing the entrance of ova into the tubes. Peritoneal macrophages, which are drawn to nodules of endometrium, can destroy sperm. Endometriosis does not affect ovulation, cervix competence, or menstruation.
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