The nurse determines that a client's cardiac output is normal. Which of the following values would be considered normal?
1. 1 L/min.
2. 3 L/min.
3. 6 L/min.
4. 15 L/min.
3
Normal cardiac output is 4 to 8 L/min. This variation is due to the differences in body sizes of individuals. The values less than 4 L/min are low and the value of 15 L/min is extremely high.
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Dependent edema of the extremities, enlargement of the liver, oliguria, jugular vein distention, and abdominal distention are signs and symptoms of
a. right-sided heart failure. b. left-sided heart failure. c. cardiac dysrhythmias. d. valvular heart disease.
A nurse is educating a patient regarding a stress test on a treadmill. Teaching includes that this test is a noninvasive procedure. What additional information is appropriate for the nurse to in-clude?
a. Is monitored continuously by blood pres-sure and an electrocardiogram b. Will last about 1 hour c. Is meant to stimulate claudication and dyspnea d. Will require a period of bedrest afterward
Postural hypotension is defined as a ___________________ when the patient stands compared with sitting or supine readings
a. systolic pressure drop of more than 15 mm Hg with a pulse rate increase b. pulse rate decrease with a systolic pressure increase of at least 15 mm Hg c. diastolic pressure increase of more than 5 mm Hg and no pulse rate changes d. pulse rate decrease and diastolic pressure decrease of more than 5 mm Hg
Which of the following are considered barriers to public health nursing? (Select all that apply.)
a. The mindset that the only role for the nurse is at the bedside b. The structures within which nurses work and the process of role socialization within those structures c. Few nurses receive graduate-level prepara-tion in the concepts and strategies of the disciplines basic to public health d. The steady decline in the number of job opportunities in the area e. The inability to equally distribute the in-creasing funds