Oxygen and carbon dioxide both have the ability to bind to hemoglobin, which would seem to be an unfavorable situation for the body, particularly in terms of cellular respiration
What features does the human body use to favor oxygen and not carbon dioxide binding to hemoglobin?
Both gases can bind to hemoglobin and at the same time since they use separate binding sites on the protein. Oxygen is favored to bind to hemoglobin for several reasons, but one of the main factors is where the two meet: in the lungs. The lungs provide an environment that favors binding of oxygen to hemoglobin. Additionally, the blood uses carbon dioxide as a major component in buffering or maintaining correct pH. Therefore, much of the carbon dioxide released during cellular respiration is used to make bicarbonate ions and is not available to attach to hemoglobin.
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