The term “modernization”:
a. is a relativistic rather than ethnocentric concept.
b. refers to the process of cultural and socioeconomic change whereby societies acquire the characteristics of industrialized societies.
c. refers to a global and all-encompassing process whereby modern cities development new types of subsistence.
d. can be used to show that all societies go through the same stages of evolutionary development, culminating in the urban-industrial state.
e. is not used by anthropologists.
ANSWER: b
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