Benson, a black lab, had learned to associate two stimuli
with getting taken for a walk, his owner getting out his leash, and his owner getting out a belt. Every time his owner picked up his belt, Benson would jump around and get excited. His owner wanted Benson to stop that so he repeatedly took out his belt without taking Benson for a walk, and always took him for a walk when getting out his leash. He was teaching Benson to _____
a) generalize.
b) extinguish.
c) discriminate.
d) learn preferentially.
Answer: c
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The idea that our inherited tendencies influence the probability that we will encounter stressful life events is a characteristic of the
A. diathesis-stress model. B. gene-environment correlation model. C. genetic model. D. psycho-social model.
Barry received an A on his first group project. He believes this grade is the result of his superior intelligence and hard work. He received a D on his second group project, and he attributes this grade to the other group members' poor work and stupidity. What attributional error is Barry demonstrating?
A. The fundamental attribution error B. A self-serving bias C. The actor-observer effect D. Unrealistic optimism
Our need to belong is most clearly threatened by
A) chain migration B) self-esteem C) ostracism D) autonomy
In the second year, attraction to ________ declines and ________ increases
A) intentional behavior; gazing B) familiar stimuli; reflexive action C) novelty; sustained attention D) goal-directed behavior; memory