The pediatric nurse is conducting physical assessments during a shift in the outpatient clinic. Which findings are considered abnormal?
Select all that apply.
1. The 2-week-old newborn whose fontanels are slightly pulsing.
2. The 2-year-old child's anterior fontanel remains unclosed.
3. The 1-month-old infant's posterior fontanel has closed.
4. The 10-month-old infant's anterior fontanel is shaped like a triangle.
5. The 6-month-old infant's anterior fontanel is soft and flat.
Correct Answer: 2, 3, 4
Normal findings include slight pulsations when palpating an infant's fontanel, along with it being soft and flat. The anterior fontanel should be fully closed by 18 months of age. The posterior fontanel should close at approximately 2 months of age. The anterior fontanel should be shaped like a diamond. The posterior fontanel should be shaped like a triangle.
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