The nurse is assessing a client who is complaining about using the bathroom at night. The nurse explains to the client that which of the following may be a cause of nocturia?
1. Decrease in bladder capacity
2. Decrease in blood supply
3. Decrease in number of nephrons
4. Decrease in cardiac output
1. Decrease in bladder capacity
Rationale:
Approximately 70% of older women and 50% of older men have to get up two or more times during the night to empty their bladders due to decreased bladder capacity. A decrease in blood supply causes an increase in urine concentration. A decrease in the number of nephrons decreases the filtration rate. A decrease in cardiac output decreases peripheral circulation, which would decrease urinary output day or night.
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