Which process or condition is likely to have resulted in the arterial blood gas values listed below? pH 7.12, HCO3– 22 mEq/L, PCO2 65 mm Hg, PO2 56 mm Hg
A. Diabetic ketoacidosis as a result of a urinary tract infection in a person with em-physema
B. Complete tracheal obstruction suffered as a result of aspirating a hot dog
C. Anxiety-induced hyperventilation
D. Diarrhea for 36 hours
B
The arterial blood gas values indicate that the client is in acidosis and has normal levels of bi-carbonate, indicating that the problem is not metabolic. The arterial concentrations of oxygen and carbon dioxide are abnormal, with low oxygen and high carbon dioxide levels; thus, this client has respiratory acidosis from inadequate gas exchange. The fact that the bicarbonate level is normal indicates that this is an acute respiratory problem rather than a chronic problem, because there has been no renal compensation.
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The nurse evaluates the client's ability to self-administer subcutaneous enoxaparin (Lovenox). What should the nurse address with follow-up client teaching?
1. Inject at a 45-degree angle. 2. Massage area after injection. 3. Administer without aspirating. 4. Inject 3 inches from umbilicus.
After the dressing change, the client needs to be positioned in bed. Which of the following measures would be inappropriate nursing care for reducing contractures?
1. Placing a pillow under the knee of a client with burns on the posterior legs. 2. Splinting the affected extremity in a functional position. 3. Daily physical therapy and range-of-motion exercises. 4. Hyperextending the neck of a client with burns of the anterior chest and neck.
Triangulation is the use of multiple sources or referents to draw conclusions about what constitutes the truth
A) True B) False
Which of the following is known to be the leading cause of preventable death in the United States?
a. Obesity b. Smoking c. Sun exposure d. Second-hand smoke