The text identifies eight proceedings that the Supreme Court has found to be "critical stages" of the criminal justice process, requiring the right to counsel. Select three of these and explain why each is so critical that an attorney is needed
What will be an ideal response?
The eight proceedings are: (1) custodial interrogations, (2) lineups if formal charges
have been filed, (3) initial appearance, (4) preliminary examination, (5) arraignment,
(6) trial, (7) sentencing, and (8) appeal from a conviction. The presence of an
attorney during custodial interrogation or lineup can help reduce the use of unfair
tactics by police. The presence of an attorney during initial appearance, preliminary
examination, and arraignment can help a defendant understand what is happening
during these proceedings. The presence of an attorney during trial, sentencing, and
appeal, will help a defendant assert any defenses and mitigating circumstances that
can result in a finding of not guilty or a lesser punishment.
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The study of genetic and environmental contributions to individual variations in human behavior is known as __________
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Mathematically, “p(A)” indicates which of the following?
A. the probability that Event A will occur B. the probability that Event A will not occur C. the probability that Event A is correlated with Event B D. the correlational magnitude of Event A
The NVCS is based on a nationally representative sample of:
a. arrests b. offenders c. households d. types of crime
Organizational culture does not include which of the following to form a way of life with the organization?
a. Values b. Beliefs c. Racial composition d. Behavior