According to the concept of species-specific defense reaction, rats easily learn to _____ to avoid shock because these actions are actually _____
A) ?play dead; elicited behaviors that are natural reactions to danger
B) ?run or freeze; elicited behaviors that are natural reactions to danger
C) ?play dead; negatively reinforced by the offset of shock
D) ?run or freeze; negatively reinforced by the offset of shock
B
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Research on independence in adolescents suggests that
a. with greater independence adolescents become emotionally detached from their parents. b. adolescents who feel close to their parents show more independence and self-reliance. c. greater independence is related to poor academic performance. d. greater independence is related to more disagreements with parents.
Nine-year-old Monica enjoys making up games and playing them with her friends. Playing these child-invented games probably allows Monica to
A) practice winning and losing with little personal risk. B) develop a sense of pride in her superior motor skills. C) play without rules and rely on individual ability. D) compete against her friends and establish a dominance hierarchy.
Obsession involves recurrent, persistent, unwished-for images and thoughts that reflect impaired reasoning and information processing
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
Children and adolescents who are uniformly disliked are called
a) controversial. b) popular. c) rejected. d) neglected.