Little Billy is constantly climbing, exploring, and trying to do things for himself
His parents try to restrict this exploring and also tend to ridicule his efforts when he makes a mess. According to Erikson, the actions of Billy's parents may cause Billy to feel
a. shame and doubt.
b. guilt.
c. mistrust.
d. inferiority.
ANSWER: a
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Shana is under a lot of stress, but she is not acknowledging any anxiety and seems to be repressing unpleasant emotions. Evidence suggests that, as a result, Shana will probably
a. develop a dissociative disorder. b. develop an anxiety disorder. c. experience heightened psychophysiological reactions to stress. d. strengthen her positive outlook and maintain good health.
When a choice must be made between two attractive goals, we are experiencing
a. a risk-aversion conflict. b. an approach-approach conflict. c. an avoidance-avoidance conflict. d. an avoidance-approach conflict.
Sexual intimacies between therapist and client
a. have a positive impact on many clients who are involved in them. b. are not as harmful as emotional intimacies between therapist and client. c. are not addressed by the APA Ethical Standards because they happen so infrequently. d. are a type of "dual relationship.".
Which of the following is a threat to the validity of an observational technique?
a. poorly defined unit of analysis b. reactivity c. observer error d. all of the above