A light oil flows through a copper tube of 2.6-cm-ID and 3.2-cm-OD. Air flows perpendicular over the exterior of the tube as shown in the following sketch. The convection heat transfer coefficient for the oil is 120 W/(m2 K) and for the air is 35 W/(m2 K). Calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient based on the outside area of the tube (a) considering the thermal resistance of the tube, (b) neglecting the resistance of the tube.
GIVEN
• Air flow over a copper tube with oil flow within the tube
• Tube diameters
? Inside (Di) = 2.6 cm = 0.026 m
? Outside (Do) = 3.2 cm = 0.032 m
• Convective heat transfer coefficients
? Oil h i= 120 W/(m2 K)
? Air h o= 35 W/(m2 K)
FIND
• The overall heat transfer coefficient based on the outside tube area (Uo), (a) considering the thermal resistance of the tube, and (b) neglecting the tube resistance
ASSUMPTIONS
• Uniform heat transfer coefficients
• Variation of thermal properties is negligible
SKETCH
PROPERTIES AND CONSTANTS
the thermal conductivity of copper (k) = 392 W/(m K) (at 127°C)
(a) The overall heat transfer coefficient based on the outer tube area is
(b) The thermal resistance of the tube wall can be neglected by eliminating the bracketed term in the denominators of the expressions above
COMMENTS
Neglecting the thermal resistance of the tube wall has a negligible effect on the overall heat transfer coefficient.
The thermal resistance on the air side is 74% of the overall thermal resistance.
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