In the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), the physiologic effect is
a. massive diuresis, leading to hemoconcentration.
b. dilutional hyponatremia, reducing sodium concentration to critically low levels.
c. hypokalemia from massive diuresis.
d. serum osmolality greater than 350 mOsm/kg.
B
Patients with SIADH have an excess of antidiuretic hormone secreted into the bloodstream, more than the amount needed to maintain normal blood volume and serum osmolality. Excessive water is resorbed at the kidney tubule, leading to dilutional hyponatremia.
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