Which statement best describes the pathophysiology of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in a patient with sepsis?
1. The primary cause of MODS is decreased blood pressure.
2. Endothelial dysfunction is a primary cause of MODS.
3. Increased microvascular bleeding causes MODS.
4. Circulating pathogens cause destruction of organs, resulting in MODS.
2
Rationale 1: Endothelial dysfunction occurs as a result of damage to the endothelial layers. MODS results because of a variety of factors. Vasoactive and procoagulant mediators are released. Vascular permeability and shunting occur.
Rationale 2: Endothelial dysfunction is a primary cause of MODS.
Rationale 3: Microvascular bleeding is a result, not a cause, of MODS.
Rationale 4: Circulating pathogens does not cause destruction of organs leading to MODS.
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