When the Court makes a ruling in a case, the new rule becomes a(n) ______ that must be followed by all lower courts.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
precedent
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According to a victim services provider survey conducted in Illinois, the type of legal service needed for victims depends on the recovery phases (immediate 0–3 months; intermediate 3–6 months; and long-term 6–12 months). In the immediate phase ______% of victims need criminal justice advocacy.
a. 18 b. 21 c. 24 d. 32
The Texas criminal homicide statutes punish the unlawful killing of an "individual." Which of the following is a factor that must be established to prove the victim meets the statutory definition of an "individual"?
A) Victim had been born at time of infliction of fatal wound. B) Victim was a human being. C) Victim took at least one breath outside the womb. D) All of the above are statutory elements of the definition of an "individual."
Which one of the following statements concerning contempt of court is incorrect?
a. Indirect contempts are contemptuous actions outside the presence of the court. b. An example of direct contempt is when someone disrupts ongoing court proceedings. c. The power of contempt is vested exclusively in judicial bodies. d. The judicial process in cases of indirect contempt is more formal than in cases of direct contempt.
What is known about mental disorders and crime?
a. It is possible that the link between mental illness and crime is spurious and caused by some other factor. b. Mentally ill offenders are more likely to have low recidivism rates than non-mentally ill offenders. c. Research suggests that people who suffer from mental illness seem to be less anti-social than members of the general population. d. Males offenders seem to have more serious mental health disorders than do female offenders.