A teen is brought to the emergency department by a parent. The nursing assessment reveals that the patient has been acting strangely for the past three hours and is hypervigilant, grandiose, and irritable
Vital signs reveal hypertension, tachycardia, and some arrhythmias. Which substance does the nurse suspect that the teen has been using?
1. Alcohol
2. Marijuana
3. Heroin
4. Amphetamines
Answer: 4
Explanation: Amphetamine intoxication includes symptoms of hypervigilance, grandiosity, and irritability. Marijuana intoxication manifests in euphoria and relaxation and does not typically cause hypertension, tachycardia, or arrhythmias. Heroin intoxication causes decreased respiratory rate and depth and bradycardia, not tachycardia. Alcohol intoxication may manifest in relaxed euphoria, lack of concentration, and decreased inhibitions.
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