A nursing instructor is teaching her class about burns. The instructor relates the following scenario: A nurse is caring for a severely burned client who now has elevated hematocrit and blood cell counts
What consequences should the nurse expect in this client? A) Slow heart rate
B) Kidney stones and blood clots
C) Imbalance in electrolytes
D) Elevated central venous pressure (CVP)
B
Feedback:
Severe burn injury may cause high fluid loss leading to hypovolemia. Elevated hematocrit levels and blood cell counts indicate hemoconcentration, which means a high ratio of blood components in relation to watery plasma. This increases the potential for blood clots and urinary stones. In hypovolemia, the heart rate tends to be high because the heart tries to compensate for the drop in the circulatory volume. Serum electrolyte levels tend to remain normal because they are depleted in proportion to the water loss. CVP is usually below 4 cm H2O.
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