Which of the following is the mechanism of action of cyclosporine?

A. It blocks the complement cascade.
B. It blocks the activity of activated Th1 T cells.
C. It directly blocks CTL activity.
D. It interferes with activation of Th2 T cells.
E. It is an anti-inflammatory interfering with leukotriene function.


Answer: B

Biology & Microbiology

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At what level of organization does life begin?

a. digestive system b. cell c. molecule (water) d. molecule (DNA) e. population

Biology & Microbiology

The analysis of parent—offspring conflict in birds has generated some interesting observations. For example, researchers hypothesized that chicks should beg to be fed by their parents more loudly when their nestmates are less closely related. (See Figure A, where Of = optimal parental investment where the lost siblings are full sibs, and Oh for an offspring whose lost siblings are half sibs.)

Do the data collected bear this out (Figure B)? Figure A Figure B A) Yes, species that evolve extra-pair parentage also tend to evolve louder begging chicks. B) No, the genetic relatedness of the chicks has nothing to do with the level of begging by chicks. C) The data are inconclusive; no conclusion can be formulated.

Biology & Microbiology

Through which process are bacteria able to exchange genetic material?

A) Sexual reproduction B) Photosynthesis C) Conjugation D) Anaerobic respiration E) Endospore formation

Biology & Microbiology

Miller's experiment showed that life could arise via chemical evolution.

Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)

Biology & Microbiology