A student nurse is preparing to care for a patient with bronchiectasis. The student nurse should recognize that this patient is likely to experience respiratory difficulties related to what pathophysiologic process?
A) Intermittent episodes of acute bronchospasm
B) Alveolar distention and impaired diffusion
C) Dilation of bronchi and bronchioles
D) Excessive gas exchange in the bronchioles
Ans: C
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Bronchiectasis is a chronic, irreversible dilation of the bronchi and bronchioles that results from destruction of muscles and elastic connective tissue. It is not characterized by acute bronchospasm, alveolar distention, or excessive gas exchange.
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