Which pathologic description of a breast cancer would the nurse interpret as being indicative of a better prognosis for long-term survival?
A. Poorly differentiated; 20% of cells in S phase; estrogen receptor negative
B. Moderately differentiated; 50% of cells in S phase; estrogen receptor negative
C. Undifferentiated; 50% of cells in S phase; estrogen receptor positive
D. Highly differentiated; 10% of cells in S phase; estrogen receptor positive
D
Lower grade malignancies are less aggressive and have a better chance for long-term survival. Lower grade malignancies are slower growing (have a smaller percentage of cells in the S phase) and more closely resemble the differentiated breast tissue from which they arose. Estrogen re-ceptor–positive tumors respond better to adjuvant therapy, and the client usually has a longer survival rate. In addition, estrogen receptor–positive tumors can be treated with hormonal mani-pulation techniques.
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A patient with a myelodysplastic syndrome is being treated on the medical unit. What assessment finding should prompt the nurse to contact the patient's primary care provider?
A) The patient is experiencing a frontal lobe headache. B) The patient has an episode of urinary incontinence. C) The patient has an oral temperature of 37.5ºC (99.5ºF). D) The patient's SpO2 is 91% on room air.
The process of identifying the specific costs related to the delivery of nursing care to each client so that nurses have data to identify the actual amount of services received is:
a. personnel budget development. b. evaluating budget expenditures. c. costing out nursing services. d. strategic financial planning.
The nurse is preparing to change the intravenous (IV) solution after the current one infuses. What action is appropriate for the nurse to take to provide for a smooth transition from the empty bag to the new one?
a. Hang another bag of the identical IV solu-tion. b. Change the tubing when preparing a new IV bag. c. Allow IV fluid to empty into the upper part of the tubing. d. Obtain the next solution bag approx-imately 1 hour ahead.
The proportion method with ratios to determine the amount to administer uses the following formula and
involves cross-multiplication: H/Q = D/A. Indicate whether the statement is true or false