Comparative genomics is done to learn how genes and genomes have evolved. What are three different
concepts that we have learned from comparative genomics?
What will be an ideal response?
By comparing genomes from different organisms, we have first learned that many present-day
organisms share a large number of genes, many of which are used for standard shared processes such
as transcription and translation, metabolism, etc. Second, we have learned that there are genes that are
restricted to certain groups (eukaryotes, archaea, and bacteria; or plants, animals, primates, humans,
etc.). These differences are one way to determine how different organisms are related to each other and
how life evolved at a molecular level. Third, comparative genomics has also been used to study human
evolution. Although humans were the first mammal to have its genome sequenced, there are many
more mammalian genomes sequenced since then, including many primates. The similarities and
differences found among various mammalian genomes are useful in determining evolutionary
relationships among those mammals.
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A population in ecology is defined as ________.
A. one organism and its surrounding environment B. a group of organisms, all from the same species C. a group of organisms, some from the same species, some from other species D. a group of organisms, some from the same species, some from other species, and their surrounding environment
Which of the following are living representatives of the first plant lineages to diverge after plants moved onto land?
A. angiosperms B. gymnosperms C. ferns D. bryophytes E. lycophytes
Common alleles of genes other than BRCA1 ____
a. dictate the types of mutations that occur in BRCA2 b. cause uncontrolled division of the BRCA2 gene c. cause the interruption of the cell cycle in any cell containing a BRCA2 mutation d. have a strong influence on whether a carrier will develop breast cancer e. have very little influence on whether a carrier will develop breast cancer
Most arachnids have ____ pair(s) of jointed appendages
a. one b. two c. four d. six e. eight