How are the divisions of bacterial cells, chloroplasts, and mitochondria similar and how are they different?
What will be an ideal response?
Ans: The divisions of all three structures involve the formation of a ring surrounding the cell or organelle and the constriction of the ring to divide it. The ring is formed of a cytoskeletal protein; in bacteria and chloroplasts, it is FtsZ, while in mitochondria it is a variant of dynamin.
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When studying an ancient ecosystem's organisms, what was the advantage of looking for DNA samples in permafrost?
A. The freezing temperature preserves the DNA. B. The enzymes that make DNA are still active in the cells. C. Areas with permafrost are older than other parts of the world, allowing scientists to collect samples back 1.5 to 2 million years. D. It is easier to take solid core samples. E. Most plants and animals evolved in Siberia.
Which of the following represents the contents of a cell in G2 phase (before cell division begins)?
A) Cell G B) Cell H C) Cell K D) Cell M E) Cell P
Recall Stiling and Drake's experiments using chambers with elevated CO2. What are the implications of their experiment for farmers in the coming decades, if CO2 levels rise as predicted?
A. Farmers will see lower crop productivity and nutrition, in addition to more insect damage. B. Farmers will see higher crop productivity and less insect damage, but the crops will be less nutritious. C. Farmers will see higher crop productivity, but there will be more insect damage and the crops will be less nutritious. D. Farmers will see higher crop productivity and nutrition, but there will be more insect damage.
What part of the sperm first contacts the egg plasma membrane?
A) the vitelline membrane B) the cortical granules C) the acrosomal membrane D) the actin proteins E) the fertilization membrane