According to the Supreme Court in the Civil Rights Cases (1883), why was Congress unable to prohibit discrimination in public accommodations?

A. Congress cannot regulate public accommodations because they involve interstate commerce.
B. Congress cannot regulate public accommodations because they tend to be owned by private entities.
C. Congress cannot regulate public accommodations because it lacks the authority to spend money without the permission of the states.
D. Congress cannot prohibit discrimination because doing so violates the First Amendment right to freedom of speech.


Answer: B

Political Science

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The general election campaign period begins a. when the first candidate announces his or her intent to run for president and runs through election day. b. with the start of the primary season and runs through election day

c. after the party nominating conventions and runs through election day. d. when a candidate starts fundraising and runs through election day.

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Members of the Grange were systematically excluded from the negotiations that produced the Texas Constitution of 1876

Indicate whether this statement is true or false.

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According to Gilpin, can we ultimately determine the distribution of power in the international system?

a. yes, but only retroactively after a war b. yes, but only if we have access to reliable data c. no, because states have powerful incentives to misrepresent how powerful they are d. no, because we lack an adequate concept of state power

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Which of the following statements is not accurate?

a. No two states are exactly alike when it comes to the organization of courts. b. In New York, the major trial courts are known as supreme courts. c. The state courts handle a wide variety of cases. d. The number of cases litigated annually in the federal courts far exceeds those decided in the state tribunals.

Political Science