Compare and contrast socialist, communist, and anarchist movements of the mid-1800s

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Socialists
o Three strains of radical democrats coalesced after the failed revolutions of 1848: communists, socialists, and anarchists.
o Socialists wanted to completely democratize society and assume control of industrial production.
o Karl Marx (father of communism) advocated a strong centralized government, the elimination of all classes except the working class, and a complete state monopoly over all forms of industrial and agricultural production.
o Anarchists viewed government as evil and sought to eliminate it. Anarchists
• The term anarchy originated with Greek philosophers speaking of government elimination.
• Pierre Joseph Proudhon (1809–1865) was one of the advocates of modern anarchism. He called for:
o An extension of democracy to all classes.
o The elimination of property and government. o Property was to be commonly held.
o Families living in extended communes were to replace centralized government. o Anarchists of the era came to see themselves as revolutionaries.
o Anarchists favored strikes, demonstrations, and other mass actions. They would have growing influence on terrorism in the second half of the nineteenth century.
o Violent Anarchists
o Fueled by a lack of change, anarchists turned to violence in the 1880s. o They began to assassinate heads of state.
o The elimination of property and government. o Property was to be commonly held.
o Families living in extended communes were to replace centralized government. o Anarchists of the era came to see themselves as revolutionaries.
They would have growing influence on terrorism in the second half of the nineteenth century.