List four lines of evidence that support a link between cancer and genetics. Describe the ultimate cause of cancer and how an individual's life-style might reduce the chances of developing cancer
What will be an ideal response?
The link between cancer and genetics is supported by these four lines of evidence. First, a predisposition to more than 50 forms of cancer is inherited to one degree or another. Second, most chemicals that cause cancer also cause mutations. Third, some viruses carry genes that promote and maintain the growth of cancer in infected cells. Last, specific chromosomal changes are found in certain forms of cancer, especially leukemia. Mutation is the ultimate cause of cancer and because there is a constant background of spontaneous mutations, there will always be a baseline rate of cancer. Environment and behavior can also play a significant role in cancer risks by increasing the rate of mutation. An individual can decrease his/her chances of developing cancer by avoiding ultraviolet light, reducing exposure to cancer-causing chemicals, eating a healthful diet, and not smoking.
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