There is widespread support among scholars for the proposition that the stage of formal operations constitutes a universal human potential, but ____

a. only a very small and select group of elite humans have this potential
b. no one can figure out how to test this hypothesis
c. there is very little support for this position
d. the form it takes depends on the kinds of cognitive requirements people in that culture face


D. Not all members of all cultures have life experiences that advance the development of formal operations even though they have the potential to develop it.

Psychology

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What will be an ideal response?

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Which of the following is not one of the three links in the causal chain of behavior or three term contingency (according to Skinner’s assessment)?

a. behavior b. learning C. internal conditions of the organism d. external events

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Lizibet saw her father killed in a neighborhood drive-by shooting. Before then, she was a happy, exuberant child. Now, she is quiet and rarely exhibits emotions, except at night when her nightmares wake her up. She resists going outdoors, especially at the time of day when her father was shot. Lizibet would most likely be diagnosed with _____.

a. Tourette's disorder b. enuresis c. post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) d. separation anxiety disorder

Psychology

Most potential high school dropouts need ________.

A. intensive remedial instruction in small classes B. to be placed in college preparatory instead of vocational tracks C. less involvement in extracurricular activities D. classes that distinguish academic skills from skills required for occupations

Psychology