Which of the following statements is true of culture?
a) It was created by groups to solve complex problems of living and social life, enabling them to survive more functionally and effectively.
b) It is not possible to access the mental models of culture that influence a person's way of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
c) It does not have a strong cognitive component like evolution of language.
d) It only refers to the individual mental representations of one's habits.
a
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Which of the following students provides the most accurate basic information about problem solving?
a. Damon: "Problem solving is a very sophisticated cognitive activity, which most adults do not use in their daily activities." b. Nicholas: "Problem solving emphasizes the acquisition and storage of information, but it seldom focuses on the transformation of knowledge: c. Gracie: "People are more likely to be creative if the problem includes several obstacles." d. Tiffany: "In problem solving, you need to reach a goal, but the solution is not an obvious one."
John conducted an experiment to test the effectiveness of a smoking cessation program. The experiment took place over a 1-month time period. Participants in the control group and the experimental group (those who participated in the smoking cessation program) recorded the number of cigarettes that they smoked each day. John was unaware that "national stop-smoking week" also happened to take place
during the 1-month time period of his experiment. John's experiment is now confounded by a. maturation. b. history. c. regression to the mean. d. mortality.
Which of these is NOT a weakness of the cross-sectional research design?
a. Cohort effects may confound the results. b. Age effects may be present. c. Development of individual children is not reported. d. It may be difficult to recruit enough children to fill the various age groups.
Vivid recollections that are formed of dramatic events are called ____ memories
a. eidetic c. state-dependent b. flashbulb d. photographic