Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. The interval for a systematic random sample is calculated by dividing the total
population size by the desired sample size.
2. If the calculated interval for a systematic random sample is 4.4, you would round
down so that the interval is 4.
3. An advantage of proportionate stratified random sampling is that you can ensure that
certain demographic characteristics are represented in the sample in exact proportion to
those characteristics in the population.
4. Cluster sampling is a form of nonprobability sampling.
5. A cluster is often some geographic unit.
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. TRUE
4. FALSE
5. TRUE
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The term “learned helplessness” describes students who approach learning tasks in what manner?
a. Actively b. Passively c. Reflectively d. Inquisitively e. Independently
What range of problems does Janelle believe she is experiencing?
DSM Diagnosis 303.90 Alcohol Use Disorder, Severe 296.2 Major Depressive Disorder, Recurrent, Mild, With Melancholic Features 250.00 Diabetes mellitus, type II/non-insulin-dependent (a medical doctor diagnosed this condition). 531.71 Chronic stomach ulcer Rationale While Janelle reports having abstained from drinking alcohol for the past two months, she describes periods in her life of drinking daily and binge drinking. Janelle meets criteria for several symptoms, including tolerance, taking the substance in larger amounts or for longer periods than was intended; and continued substance use despite its negative effects on physical and psychological health. During her nine-month period of heavy drinking, she was using greater amounts of the substance to achieve the desired effect. Withdrawal is evident in her experience of shaking spells when she goes without alcohol. Although she has never lost a job because of her alcohol use disorder, she spends a lot of time recovering from its effects. Because she is in excess of six symptoms, the specifier “severe” was selected. Major Depressive Disorder was also diagnosed. Janelle’s mental status is characterized by fatigue, loss of energy and interest in certain activities, feelings of guilt, feelings of worthlessness, and problems with sleeping. These symptoms qualify Janelle for the specifier “with melancholic features”. She experiences relief from these symptoms at times, but some of them are continuous, especially her feelings of worthlessness and lack of interest in life activities. The severity of her disorder would be considered “Mild” because the number of symptoms she usually experiences is low. It appears that Janelle has experienced these episodes at several times in her adult life. It must be recognized, however, that there are many significant biological and psychological factors that may have contributed to Janelle’s depressive symptoms, including past alcohol abuse and dependence, her medical condition, and other psychosocial factors. Additional Information Required It will be necessary to gather more information in future sessions about Janelle’s history. In particular, the social worker needs to gather a more detailed history of her alcohol use and her experiences of depressive symptoms. Because substance abuse and dependence can cause or contribute to symptoms of comorbid disorders, such as depression and anxiety, it is often difficult to make a clear diagnosis of disorders like major depressive disorder in persons who abuse substances. With more knowledge of Janelle’s past use and psychological functioning, the social worker will be able to make a more confident diagnosis. It also needs to be further assessed how Type II Diabetes may contribute to Janelle’s psychological functioning and how she feels it has impacted her life. More information about how alcohol use has affected her diabetes is also important. Alcohol has a high sugar content and therefore affects blood sugar levels. The recommendation is that women with diabetes should not take more than one drink per day. In addition, a clearer understanding of Janelle’s stomach condition would help to rule out any connection between the somatic symptoms Janelle experiences and her emotional functioning. Treatment Janelle wishes to reach a point where she is completely abstinent from alcohol use, and she has already made strides toward that end on her own. She also experiences depression related to her feelings about herself and her relationship patterns, and providing her with healthier relationship patterns and better stress coping mechanisms will be an essential part of her intervention. Goal 1: Abstain from alcohol use ? Objective 1: Refer clients to Alcoholics Anonymous group ? Objective 2: Become able to identify through cognitive behavioral methods situations and emotional states that create risk for alcohol use, and utilize alternative means of managing stress in those situations (including situational avoidance) Goal 2: Increase quality of social supports for abstinence from alcohol ? Objective 1: Refer adult children to Al Anon program ? Objective 2: Attendance at AA groups Goal 3: Eliminate symptoms of depression through a 12-week course of interpersonal therapy ? Objective 1: Explore alcohol use disorder and its relationship to past and current relationships. ? Objective 2: Develop better interpersonal and social skills by exploring new ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving with significant others. ? Objective 3: Name and discuss grief emotions, identifying how they affect daily psychological and emotional functioning; practice sharing feelings of grief-with therapist, and with children and friends. Goal 4: Insure physical health ? Objective 1: Educate the client about the risks of alcohol use with diabetes ? Objective 2: Have the client sign a release of information form to find out from her physician the status of her stomach condition and how to best prevent further problems ? By addressing Janelle’s substance abuse/dependence issues and feelings related to grief and loss in individual cognitive therapy and Alcoholics Anonymous, she will be provided with safe places to address feelings before they become overwhelming, explore past substance use and reasons to abstain in future, and develop effective interpersonal skills and personal coping methods. Critical Perspective Janelle’s presentation is somewhat confusing because of the interactions among substance abuse, depression, and physical problems. While she qualifies for the alcohol dependence diagnosis, she has not used much in the past several months, and her intervention will focus on strategies to continue controlling her urges to drink. Managing the client’s depression may be the key to restoring her previous level of functioning. For these reasons she should not be “labeled” primarily as a person who abuses substances, as doing so may take attention away from her other psychosocial needs.
What is the procedure for selecting a snowball sample?
A. You select your sample through a random sampling procedure such as the one where you select the fifth person from your list and every fifth person thereafter. B. You select a rolling list of people for your sample by including not only those who asked for service today but also those who ask for service tomorrow and the next 3 days. C. You select a sample from the list of the members of a particular organization. D. You select a sample from a given location, then ask those selected to identify other people who are like them and you include these other individuals in your sample.
A first-time, adult, drug offender is channeled through a drug court
This means that ________ and the likelihood of effectiveness is ________ that of other diversionary programs. A. the case may be adjudicated and sentencing withheld while the defendant is in treatment; less than B. the case and sentencing may be adjudicated while the defendant is in treatment; less than C. prosecution and adjudication may be deferred while the defendant enters treatment; equal to D. prosecution and adjudication may be deferred while the defendant enters treatment; greater than