A patient being treated for a severe blood loss has a blood pressure of 90/56 mm Hg and urine output of 10 mL over the last hour. Which physiological mechanism should the nurse recall is occurring in this patient?
a. Starling's law
b. Medulla-brainstem
c. Sodium-potassium pump
d. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
ANS: D
The kidneys are of great importance in the regulation of blood pressure. If blood flow through the kidneys decreases, renal filtration decreases and urinary output decreases to preserve blood volume. Decreased blood pressure stimulates the kidneys to secrete renin, which initiates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism, raising blood pressure. A. Starling's law is used to explain how the heart adjusts blood flow to the body based upon activity. B. There is no specific medulla-brainstem mechanism that affects blood loss, blood pressure, and urine output. C. The sodium-potassium pump is a mechanism to maintain electrolyte balance within the body.
You might also like to view...
Order for the PCA: Morphine sulfate 30 mg/30 mL Maximum dose: 28 mg in 4 hours Continuous dose: 1 mg/hr PCA dose: 1 mg Lockout: q10 min The client has received a total of 14 mg in 4 hours. How many milligrams of the total dose are from the PCA dose? _____
a. 10 b. 4 c. 14 d. 28
A nurse is caring for a client experiencing spinal shock after a spinal cord injury. What clinical manifestation would indicate the resolution of spinal shock?
A. The return of reflex activity B. Normalization of the pupillary reflex C. Return of bowel and bladder continence D. Tingling in the extremities below the lesion
A patient is being monitored for fluid volume with the use of a device that measures the resistance to the flow of electrical current. The technology being used to assess this patient would be
1. impedance cardiography. 2. Doppler. 3. pulse contour analysis. 4. pulse oximetry.
A documentation system that allows for minimizing the risk of medication errors is the:
1. Electronic medical record. 2. Problem-oriented medical record. 3. Problem, intervention, evaluation system. 4. Focus system.