Geological evidence points to a few very deep "snowball" phases in Earth's history, in which the oceans would have been mostly frozen. How did Earth recover from a snowball phase?
A) The increased ice coverage on Earth's surface absorbed more sunlight than water and rocks, thus gradually heating Earth until the ice melted.
B) Life vanished, leading to an increase in CO2, and increased global warming, eventually melting the ice.
C) Volcanoes continued to inject CO2 into Earth's atmosphere, increasing the greenhouse effect to the point where ice melted.
D) Plate tectonics gradually subducted all the ice below Earth's surface.
E) As the Sun aged, it grew brighter and increased Earth's temperature, melting the ice.
C) Volcanoes continued to inject CO2 into Earth's atmosphere, increasing the greenhouse effect to the point where ice melted.
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In grinding a steel knife blade (specific heat = 0.11 cal/g-C°), the metal can get as hot as 400.°C. If the blade has a mass of 80. g,
what is the minimum amount of water needed at 20°C if the water is not to rise above the boiling point when the hot blade is quenched in it?
A 615 N student standing on a scale in an elevator notices that the scale reads 645 N. From this information, the student knows that the elevator must be moving
A) downward. B) upward. C) You cannot tell if it is moving upward or downward.
The charge per unit length on an insulator is . On a 2.0-m length of this material, what is the difference in the number of electrons and the number of protons?
a. There are more electrons than protons. b. There are more protons than electrons. c. There are more protons than electrons. d. There are more electrons than protons.
Suppose the room in which you are sitting was magically transported off Earth, and sent accelerating through the universe at 9.8 m/s2 Assuming your doors and windows are sealed and closed, how could you tell that you'd left Earth?
A) You would weigh more than you do on Earth. B) You couldn't—the equivalence principle tells us that you won't be able to tell the difference. C) Your time would run slower than it does on Earth. D) You'd hear a loud whooshing sound as you careened through space.