Total elimination of all microorganisms, including spores, can be accomplished by which method?
a. medical asepsis c. sterilization
b. disinfection d. use of germicidal techniques
C
Sterilization is the total elimination of all microorganisms, including spores. Disinfection is the elimination of pathogens except spores from inanimate objects. A germicide is a chemical that can be applied to both animate and inanimate objects for the purpose of eliminating pathogens. Medical asepsis uses practices to reduce the number, growth, and spread of microorganisms. Medical asepsis is also referred to as "clean technique.". Objects are generally referred to as "clean" or "dirty" in medical asepsis. Clean objects are considered to have some microorganisms that are not pathogenic. Dirty objects are considered to have a high number of microorganisms, some that are potentially pathogenic. Common medical aseptic measures used for clean or dirty objects are handwashing, gloving, changing linens daily, and cleaning floors and hospital furniture daily.
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Which of the following best describes the disorder that was first recognized in veterans following the Korean and Vietnam Wars?
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A patient with histoplasmosis is being treated with itraconazole [Sporanox]. The nurse will teach this patient to report which symptoms?
a. Gynecomastia and decreased libido b. Headache and rash c. Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia d. Visual disturbances
A client has been taught to increase potassium in the diet. What dietary meal selection indicates to the nurse that teaching has been effective?
a. Toasted English muffin with butter and blueberry jam, and tea with sugar b. Two scrambled eggs, a slice of white toast, and a cup of strawberries c. Sausage, one slice of whole wheat toast, cup of raisins, and a glass of milk d. Bowl of oatmeal with brown sugar, cup of sliced peaches, and coffee
The client's serum potassium is 3.0 mEq/L. Which client data does the nurse use to validate the laboratory test?
1. A low urine output. 2. Irregular heart rate. 3. Complaints of thirst. 4. Hyperactive reflexes.