A child has just been diagnosed with fragile X syndrome. The nurse recognizes that fragile X syndrome is:
a. a chromosomal defect affecting females only.
b. a chromosomal defect that follows the pattern of X-linked recessive disorders.
c. the second most common genetic cause of mental retardation.
d. the most common cause of noninherited mental retardation.
ANS: C
Fragile X syndrome is the second most common cause of mental retardation after Down syndrome. Fragile X primarily affects males, follows the inheritance pattern of X-linked dominant with reduced penetrance. This is in distinct contrast to the classic X-linked recessive pattern in which all carrier females are normal, all affected males have symptoms of the disorder, and no males are carriers.
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Which of these statements regarding prenatal risk factors is TRUE?
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A nurse who works in a long-term care facility has noticed that one of the residents has been showing signs of impaired cognitive and self care abilities over the last 2 weeks. The nurse should:
1. Remember that memory loss is a normal, age-related change. 2. Investigate for possible physiologic problems. 3. Instruct the staff to be extra attentive as this person needs more assistance. 4. Inform the resident's family that the resident probably has some form of dementia.
What step in the RSI procedure allows the patient to tolerate longer than normal periods of? apnea?
The clinic nurse schedules Tracy for her first prenatal appointment with the certified nurse-midwife (CNM) in the clinic. Tracy has appropriate questions for her potential health-care provider that include (select all that apply):
a. Complementary and alternative methods used during labor and birth b. An opportunity to meet other providers in the practice c. Beliefs and practices concerning an episiotomy and an epidural anesthetic d. Whether the nurse-midwife will be continually available for support during labor