What is the difference between authoritarian and authoritative parenting?
What will be an ideal response?
Authoritarian parenting emphasizes behavioral control and obedience over warmth. On the other hand, authoritative parents are warm and sensitive to children's needs but also are firm in their expectations that children conform to appropriate standards of behavior. Children who have authoritarian parents are expected to conform to parental standards without question. Violations are accompanied by forceful and often arbitrary punishment. Children with authoritative parents explain and encourage discussion about the rules they set, so that children understand their purpose and what is expected of them. Authoritarian parents might yell, threaten, or spank their children. In an authoritative household, when a rule is violated parents explain what the child did wrong and impose limited, developmentally appropriate punishments that are closely connected to the misdeed. Authoritarian parents tend to not accept children's involvement in decisions and do not grant much autonomy. On the other hand, authoritative parents value and foster children's individuality. They encourage their children to have their own interests, opinions, and decisions, but, ultimately, they control the child's behavior.
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Your textbook presents the case of 84-year-old Mary. What was one of the first indications that Mary was suffering from dementia?
a. She could not remember her age. b. She reported hearing voices calling her. c. Some of her animals were found dead because she forgot to feed them. d. After being admitted to a nursing home, she became agitated and belligerent.
A woman's response to stress may be described as:
A. "fight and flee" B. "use and peruse" C. "tend and befriend" D. "brief and debrief"
Close friends behave more prosocially toward each other
A) when they are rewarded for helping and sharing. B) when other people are observing them. C) but they also disagree and compete with each other more than nonfriends. D) but have difficulty expressing hurt feelings during conflict.
Dershowitz (1994) has claimed that an increasing number of defense lawyers are taking the approach that the defendants they represent have a "history of abuse as an excuse for violent retaliation." What has Dershowitz named this claim?
A. The victimization syndrome B. The abuse excuse C. The eye for an eye excuse D. Appropriate retaliation