According to trait theory, you can predict behavior from one situation to another situation provided that:
A. you observe the person several times
B. the two situations are essentially the same
C. the two situations occur in contiguous time
D. the behavior is easily described
Answer: B
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Roger has been convicted of sexually assaulting several young children. In prison he undergoes aversion therapy. He is presented with pictures of young children while receiving unpleasant electric shocks. Eventually, pictures of young children become aversive stimuli. In this procedure, the electric shocks are described as
a. unconditioned stimulus. b. conditioned stimulus. c. conditioned response. d. unconditioned response. e. neutral stimulus.
According to ___, people perform better when others are watching because a failure or poor showing would threaten their social image, or “face.”
a. Zajonc’s drive theory b. distraction/conflict theory c. social orientation theory d. the mere-effort model e. a self-presentation analysis
Which technique is always based on modeling?
a. Negative reinforcement trap b. Counterimitation c. Instrumental aggression d. Direct instruction
An example of a non-associationistic learning process is:
A) classical conditioning. B) habituation. C) operant conditioning. D) observational learning.