Sociologists define __________ as the alteration, modification, or transformation of public policy, culture, or social institutions over time

Max plans to go to college. He more likely to complete college if he lives in which country?

a. Sweden b. Japan c. the United States d. Sierra Leone

Walter Miller found that all of the following concepts were valued by lower-class delinquent subcultures EXCEPT:

a. courting trouble without getting caught b. orientation toward the future c. risking danger d. toughness

The American Sociological Association (ASA) is the major professional organization of sociologists, which maintains ___________ for formal guidelines in conducting sociological research.

a. value neutrality b. a code of ethics c. objectivity d. fairness

Brandon is against transracial adoption and states that the child's race should match that of the adoptive parent's. However, Bryan argues otherwise and states that the American society is open minded and accepting of such differences. Which of the following is an accurate statement that strengthens Bryan's claim?

a. Adoptive parents are safe from the interference or co-parenting by birth parents in open adoptions when compared to semi-open adoptions. b. Adopted children are safe from unstable or emotionally disturbed birth parents in open adoptions when compared semi-open adoptions. c. Adoptive parents have a greater sense of control in semi-open adoptions when compared to open adoptions. d. Adopted children are less likely to experience identity confusion in semi-open adoptions when compared to open adoptions.