A patient's assessment data present as follows: pH, 7.10; PaCO2, 60 mm Hg; PaO2, 40 mm Hg; HCO3–, 24 mEq/L; RR, 34 breaths/min; HR, 128 beats/min; and BP, 180/92 mm Hg. This condition is best described as
a. uncompensated respiratory acidosis.
b. uncompensated metabolic acidosis.
c. compensated metabolic acidosis.
d. compensated respiratory acidosis.
A
The pH is below normal range (7.35–7.45), so this is uncompensated acidosis. The PaCO2 is markedly elevated, and the HCO3– is normal. This indicates uncompensated respiratory acidosis. Uncompensated respiratory acidosis values include a pH below 7.35, PACO2 above 45 mm Hg, and HCO3– of 22 to 26 mEq/L. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis values include a pH below 7.35, PACO2 of 35 to 45 mm Hg, and HCO3– above 22 mEq/L. Compensated metabolic acidosis values include a pH of 7.35 to 7.39, PACO2 below 35 mm Hg, and HCO3- below 22 mEq/L. Compensated respiratory acidosis values include a pH of 7.35 to 7.35, PACO2 above 45 mm Hg, and HCO3– above 26 mEq/L.
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