The nurse points out to a patient recently diagnosed with hepatitis B virus (HBV) that the virus is found which type(s) of body fluid(s) or secretions? (select all that apply.)
a. Semen
b. Vaginal secretions
c. Sweat
d. Breast milk
e. Human feces
A, B, D, E
HBV, hepatitis C virus (HCV), and hepatitis D virus (HDV) may cause chronic inflammation and necrosis of the tissue. HBV and HCV are transmitted by parenteral routes and sexually as they are present in semen, vaginal secretions, and saliva of carriers, as well as breast milk and human feces. HBV is not transmitted through sweat. Sexual partners of patients who are carriers of HBV and HCV are at high risk for contracting the virus.
You might also like to view...
How does the pain of childbirth differ from other types of pain? (Select all that apply.)
a. Childbirth pain is part of a normal process. b. Childbirth pain seldom needs narcotic relief. c. Position changes relieve pain and facilitate delivery. d. Childbirth pain declines following birth. e. Childbirth pain is self-limited.
The client states, "I cannot receive blood transfusions, because it is against my beliefs. I am concerned about having this surgery." What is the nurse's best response?
a. "You should allow your health care team to do whatever is needed." b. "The blood supply in this country is the safest in the world." c. "There really is nothing unacceptable about blood transfusion." d. "There are good alternatives to transfu-sions that we can discuss."
Mr. H is being treated for tuberculosis with isoniazid. Which of the following vitamins may become deficient as a result of therapy?
1. Ascorbic acid and vitamin D 2. Niacin and vitamin B6 3. Riboflavin and thiamin 4. Folic acid and vitamin B12
After reviewing information shown in the accompanying figure from the medical records of a 43-year-old, which risk factor modification for coronary artery disease should the nurse include in patient teaching?
a. Importance of daily physical activity b. Effect of weight loss on blood pressure c. Dietary changes to improve lipid levels d. Ongoing cardiac risk associated with history of tobacco use