List at least five of the recommendations presented by Brophy and Good or Rosenshine and Stevens, both in 1986
What will be an ideal response?
Brophy and Good’s recommendations:
Students should receive frequent opportunities to respond to questions, and they should get clear feedback about the correctness of their responses.
Skills should be mastered to overlearning, with new ones gradually phased in while old ones are being mastered.
Both progress through the curriculum and pacing within specific activities should be brisk, producing continuous progress achieved with relative ease (small steps, high success rate).
Individual progress should be closely monitored so that all students, especially struggling students, are checked, receive feedback, and achieve mastery.
Rosenshine and Steven’s recommendations:
Present new material in small steps, with student practice after each step.
Give clear and detailed instructions and explanations.
Provide a high level of active practice for all students.
Ask a large number of questions, check student understanding, and obtain responses from all students.
Guide students during initial practice.
Provide systematic feedback and corrections.
Provide explicit instruction and practice for seatwork exercises and, where necessary, monitor students during seatwork.
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