A patient is taking oral theophylline for maintenance therapy of stable asthma. A nurse instructs the patient to avoid using which substance to prevent a complication?
A. Echinacea
B. Cimetidine [Tagamet]
C. Sunscreen products
D. Caffeine
Ans: D. Caffeine
Explanation: Theophylline is a methylxanthine that provides benefits through bronchodilation. It is used to reduce the frequency and severity of asthma attacks, especially those occurring at night. Caffeine also is a methylxanthine, and its pharmacologic actions may intensify the adverse effects of theophylline on the central nervous system (CNS) and heart. Sources of caffeine should be avoided. It is not necessary to avoid taking cimetidine or echinacea or using sunscreen products while taking theophylline.
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